• br Ethics statements br Introduction Hepatocellular

  2022-09-26

  

  Ethics statements Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignant tumor and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with rapidly-increasing incidence in recent years [1,2]. Mounting evidence shows that viral hepatitis, toxin exposure, non-a

• Microglia after activation can show

  2022-09-24

  

  Microglia after activation can show prominently pro-inflammatory but also anti-inflammatory characteristics [46]. Although the ageing process is not a pathological process, many of the age-associated changes resemble those observed under pathological conditions. An increase number of pro-inflammator

• In various models histamine has been shown

  2022-09-24

  

  In various models, histamine has been shown to induce chemotaxis. This was first appreciated over 40 years’ ago in studies with eosinophils (Clark et al., 1977). At that time, only histamine H1 and histamine H2 receptors were recognized and studies with ligands to these receptors indicated that neit

• Dihydroeponemycin A motivation for this study is

  2022-09-22

  

  A motivation for this study is the ability of PGD2 to inhibit hair lengthening (). Here we demonstrate that PGD2 also inhibits hair regeneration after wounding. Thus, PGD2 and Gpr44 inhibition of the hair follicle occurs in multiple contexts and may be exploited in future therapies. Pharmaceutical c

• br TGR agonists current developments and future

  2022-09-22

  

  TGR5 agonists: current developments and future landscape The amphipathic nature of bile acids is crucial in aiding the digestion and 350 of vitamins and fats. With the emerging roles of bile acids in the regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis through TGR5, the pharmaceutical industry has f

• Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic

  2022-09-22

  

  Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic connections correlate with cognitive decline in HAND patients. Synapse loss induced by HIV proteins occurs early and via a different signaling pathway from that leading to neuronal death (Kim et al., 2008), suggesting that synapse loss might be a mechanism to re

• Cichlasoma dimerus as most teleost fish species present neur

  2022-09-22

  

  Cichlasoma dimerus, as most teleost fish species, present neurons expressing GnRH3 (Pandolfi et al., 2005). As in most LP533401 hcl species, the neurons expressing GnRH3 are mainly located in the NOR, although few neurons were detected in the olfactory bulb, ventral telencephalon and the POA (Gonzá

• Crystal structures from soluble E constructs Khan

  2022-09-21

  

  Crystal structures from soluble E2 constructs (Khan et al., 2014; Kong et al., 2013) have revealed globular protein with no regular structure in spite of having eight disulphide bonds (Kong et al., 2013). Although 62% of the protein exists in loops or disordered structures, overall it was well-defin

• Based on the molecular weights of glutamate g

  2022-09-21

  

  Based on the molecular weights of glutamate (147.13 g/mol) and MSG (169.111 g/mol), the amount of free glutamate intake obtained in this study was equivalent to 297 mg MSG/d and 370 mg MSG/d for children and adults, respectively. Several previous studies have assessed population intake of MSG from f

• br Introduction Glucose is the major carbon source in most

  2022-09-21

  

  Introduction Glucose is the major carbon source in most organisms. Cancer Silvestrol synthesis in particular require a steady source of energy to maintain growth and proliferation, and preferentially use glycolysis for their energy supply even under aerobic conditions. Glucose uptake in mammals i

• The presence of ghrelin s

  2022-09-21

  

  The presence of ghrelin's mRNA in the eye and the presence of ghrelin in the aqueous humor, along with a decrease of its levels in glaucoma, suggest a local role for this peptide in the ocular tissue [8], [16], [18]. There is no available data regarding the presence of GHSR-1 in the anterior segment

• diacylglycerol kinase Some aspects of intercellular Ca wave

  2022-09-21

  

  Some aspects of intercellular Ca2+ wave spread are similar to the phenomenon of spreading depression and associated with migraine headache [57]. These depolarization waves, followed by electrical inhibition, are evoked by transient hypoxia and other types of diacylglycerol kinase injury and spread

• br Conflict of interest br Introduction Milk

  2022-09-21

  

  Conflict of interest Introduction Milk and dairy products are nutritious foods that provide lactose, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium and proteins, among other nutrients, which have been reported to have a fundamental role in bone development and healthy diets. An adequate consumption of dairy

• Macroautophagy hereafter referred to as autophagy

  2022-09-21

  

  Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) depends on an intracellular lysosome-dependent degradation system that maintains cellular metabolism and homeostasis [11]. Genes involved in these processes are termed autophagy-related genes (ATGs), which regulate autophagosome formation and compl

• One of the main mechanisms enabling

  2022-09-21

  

  One of the main mechanisms enabling recycling of intracellular redox-active iron is lysosomal degradation of ferritin in the process of autophagy, often referred to as ‘ferritinophagy’ [128]. Autophagy was suggested to contribute to ferroptotic cell death by promoting the degradation of iron storage

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